Boehmite: Isi ihe dị na aluminom-Ihe ndị dabere

Boehmite, ya na usoro kemịkalụ -AlO(OH), bụ ihe dị mkpa aluminom hydroxide ịnweta nke nwere usoro mgbanwe oyi akwa nke aluminom oxide. Ọ bụ onye German chemist Johann Boehm kewapụrụ ya na bauxite na 1927 wee mụọ usoro kristal ya nke ọma, yabụ aha ya. Dị ka isi etiti na ogige aluminom eke na sịntetik, boehmite na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị atụ na catalysis nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ceramics dị elu, na batrị lithium-.

Crystallographically, boehmite bụ nke kristal orthorhombic. Akụkụ nhazi ya bụ isi nwere aluminom oxide octahedral layers jikọtara ya na àkwà mmiri hydroxyl, yana njikọ nke hydrogen juru n'ọnụ. Ihe microstructure a pụrụ iche na-enye ya ebe dị elu dị elu na nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ. N'okpuru ọnọdụ calcination okpomọkụ dị elu - (ihe dị ka ogo 450–600), enwere ike ịtụgharị ya ka ọ bụrụ -Al₂O₃ (corundum), na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mmalite dị mma maka nkwadebe ihe ndị na-eku ume dị elu{7}. N'okike, boehmite na-apụtakarị dị ka ụmụ irighiri ihe dị oke mma na ihu igwe oyi{9}}ụdị bauxite, na-ebikọ ọnụ na kaolinite na gibbsite. Agbanyeghị, ngwa nrụpụta ya na-adabere karịa na nrụpụta artificial{11} dị elu{12} ngwaahịa dị ọcha enwetara site na hydrolysis nke ngwọta nnu aluminum ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ crystallization na-achịkwa n'oge nchacha Bayer.

Teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ agbasawanyela ikike ịrụ ọrụ nke boehmite. Na mpaghara ụgbọ ala ike ọhụrụ, nanoscale boehmite, n'ihi mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik ya dị mma na inertness kemịkalụ, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi maka ndị na-ekewa batrị lithium, na-emeziwanye nchekwa batrị nke ọma na igbochi uto dendrite. Na catalysis gburugburu ebe obibi, saịtị Lewis acid dị ukwuu na-eme ka ion metal dị arọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma na-eji ya eme ihe na-emetọ ihe na ọgwụgwọ mmiri. Boehmite bụkwa isi akụrụngwa maka njikọ nke sieves molecular na iko ọpụrụiche, yana mmeghachi omume ya dị nro na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ezigbo ihe na-ebu maka usoro kemịkalụ ndụ ndụ.

Ka sayensị ihe na-aga n'ihu na-emezigharị, njirimara multifunctional nke boehmite na-aga n'ihu na-adọta uche. A na-atụ anya na ọganiihu n'ọdịniihu n'ime doping, mgbanwe na teknụzụ na-achịkwa morphology ga-abawanye uru nke ịnweta oge ochie a na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta atụmatụ dị ka nchekwa ike na mmezi gburugburu ebe obibi.